Legend 2006

HONDA'S NEW LUXURY SPORTS SALOON – THE ULTIMATE IN TECHNOLOGY

 

• Intelligent use of lightweight material combines ideal weight management, excellent body rigidity and superb low noise level
• Powerful on acceleration and clean – the 3.5 litre SOHC VTEC V6 engine develops 295 PS (217 kW) at 6,200 rpm and reaches 351 Nm of torque
• 5-speed automatic transmission with shift paddles on steering wheel for fast gear selection and innovative Grade Logic Control and Shift Hold Control electronic systems
• Globally unique Super Handling All-Wheel Drive assists sports-driving and safe cornering
• Comprehensive array of features including Adaptive Cruise Control, Collision Mitigation Brake System, Lane Keeping Assist System (RHD only), Active Front Lighting System, pop-up hood for improved pedestrian safety
• Premium Bose® audio system, DVD satellite navigation with voice recognition, rear-view camera and Bluetooth interface

Honda's new premium model combines performance, technology, comfort, safety and athletic design

With its blend of advanced cutting edge technology and an array of innovative assistance systems, the new Honda Legend steps into the luxury upper mid-range as a classic 4-door saloon. True to its dynamic styling, Honda's premium model offers a comfortable interior with sporting overtones. Its spaciousness promotes a sense of well-being and comfort.

Larger, heavier, more expensive and with a long list of optional extras – these are features common to many new models in the upper mid-range. "The new Legend," says Yasuhisa Maekawa, President of Honda R&D Europe, Vice President of Honda Motor Europe, "shows that a high level of performance, safety and comfort together with a generous interior does not necessarily result in excessive weight, not least because we can offer a premium saloon with all imaginable innovations at an attractive price, even compared with most low-end standard models of many competitors."

There is now more opportunity for challengers. A few established makes dominate the upper mid-class and luxury saloon range worldwide particularly in Europe. However, challengers' odds are increasing. Not only because they are manufacturing products of an equal quality but also that they have been known to take the technological lead in important innovations. The real reason has much more to do with once resolutely loyal buyers distancing themselves from their traditional makes for a variety of reasons.

 

Body structure

The elegant design of the Legend confirms status, while the body's dynamic lines represent a sporting temperament – an early hint at the power of the up-to-date engine. A characteristic feature of the front is the steep sloping hood. From the side, the sleek cockpit, a deep window beltline and a short deck lid accentuate the Legend's pronounced wedge shape. The new Legend is 20mm higher and 25mm wider than its predecessor. The overall length, however, has been reduced by 38mm, and the wheelbase by 110mm; nevertheless there is an extra 30mm to the length of the passenger compartment and 40mm to the height of the interior. The result is a far more generous cabin size despite reductions in the overall body length. Passengers are treated as standard to an ambience of refinement, with its immaculate attention to ergonomics, leather upholstery, and 8-way power adjustable front seats.

 

Excellent aerodynamics and a remarkably low noise level

With a highly efficient drag coefficient figure and a low overall height of 1.45 metres, the new Legend is streamlined in a way otherwise only seen in sports coupés. This pays dividends in the form of saving fuel at higher speeds as well as reducing wind noise to an imperceptible level. The results of intricate tests dictated that a significant reduction of high frequency and middle-frequency noise was a condition of the Legend's rebuild.

Instead of the traditional heavy insulation, light materials are used which are also highly efficient in absorbing sound. For example, the inner wing insulator. A rubber-type layer ensures that noise from uneven or wet surfaces is significantly reduced. The floor is also covered completely by a protective layer which is anti-corrosive as well as sound-absorbing. The underside is designed so that body vibrations are eliminated by the insulation material, providing an acoustic barrier between the cabin and the road.

The subframes for integrating engine and gearbox are in a 'floating' position to create an acoustic barrier between the main source of vibration (the engine) and the large resonance volume (body). Any low-frequency noises which still penetrate the cabin are eliminated by an Active Noise Cancellation unit (ANC) specifically developed for this model. The system uses two microphones located in the roof console. The microphones monitor drive train noises entering the cabin. When unwanted frequencies are detected, the ANC creates a counter-frequency and sends a precisely timed reverse phase audio signal to the audio system's door speakers and subwoofer. The ANC overrides vibrations and cancels out unwanted frequencies. This creates peace within the car and, in every possible way, replaces traditional, heavy sound insulating material.

 

Intelligent lightweight structure

Cars with an array of safety technology and elevated comforts usually weigh in at more than less-equipped models of the same range. For this reason, most makes offer basic models as 'slimmed down versions'. Honda takes another, more logical approach and has fully-equipped the Legend in almost all of its markets. However, to keep the potential weight down as much as possible, developers of the new Legend have made an intelligently lightweight structure. The body – the component with the highest mass – to an extent is made of high-tensile sheet metal allowing for thin wall thickness. In addition, the hood, front wings and chassis components, such as subframes and wishbones, are made from aluminium; the drive shaft is made from a lightweight carbon fibre reinforced composite. Extensive use of these lightweight materials keeps the kerb weight of the 5metre car below 1885 kg – while maintaining excellent body rigidity.

 

Comfort

The Legend's interior combines elegant luxury with clear, efficient design, providing an ambience which complements the car's athleticism. At the same time, various latest technological features have been selected to enable simple and intuitive use of the controls. A meticulously thought-out interior harmony contributes to making the driver at ease, by assisting in difficult driving situations and eliminating unnecessary distractions.

Particular attention has been paid to the high quality and workmanship of materials. Ergonomical seating with perforated leather-trim creates a driving experience which is sporty and at the same time refined. Maple wood trim sweeps across the instrument panel, while the centre console housing the climate, audio and navigation controls has a satin metal finish for a more technical look. The main instrumentation and the large, bright navigation display are easy-to-read. All important controls are within easy reach of the driver.

 

Engine/Transmission - Superior source of power

The new Legend's 3.5 litre SOHC VTEC V6 engine is an absolute hi-tech collective and one of the most powerful in its class. The modern aluminium 4-valve engine with adjustable valve control and electronic valve lift control produces 217 kW (295 PS) at 6,200 rpm. The maximum torque of 351 Nm at 5,000 rpm provides for acceleration from 0 to 100 km/h in 7.3 seconds and a top speed of 250 km/h.

With the standard 5-speed automatic transmission, the driver can select gears manually – either by using the shift lever in the centre console or paddles located on the steering wheel. The transmission together with the intelligent gearshift system, Grade Logic Control, provides consistent propulsion especially for hill driving. The Shift Hold Control system works together with the electronic accelerator and benefits sporty drivers on winding roads. Both systems work together to reduce unnecessary shifts during climbs or negotiating corners in automatic mode.

 

Chassis

The Legend's innovative chassis has double wishbones as the front suspension and multi-link as the rear. This sophisticated technology allows for a good flat ride and safe cornering even on uneven road surfaces.

Large, ventilated front and rear disc brakes and 4-piston callipers provide exceptional stopping power. Electronic aids such as ABS, EBD, VSA (Vehicle Stability Assist) support the driver in potentially dangerous situations.

 

SuperHandling All-Wheel Drive

The Honda Legend has an all-wheel drive system as standard to improve cornering ability. The SH-AWD (Super Handling All-Wheel Drive) system increases the rotation speed of the outside rear wheel during spirited cornering to help the car turn more easily. This dramatically improves handling through well-balanced over-steering in sharp corners.

During straight line cruising and moderate cornering up to 70 per cent of torque is delivered to the front wheels, full throttle acceleration or spirited driving directs up to 70 per cent of available torque to the rear wheels. Depending on the driving situation, the available torque at the rear axle can be distributed in a range of 100:0 to 0:100 between both rear wheels. The result is enhanced cornering performance and guaranteed maximum driving pleasure.

This intelligent all-wheel technology developed by Honda engineers also improves cornering safety: The SH-AWD system is activated if the driver applies too much pressure on the brakes on a corner and varies the distribution of power to the individual wheels, so that driving stability, within its physical limits, remains constant.

 

Vehicle Stability Assist

The Honda Legend is equipped with an electronic Vehicle Stability Assist (VSA) system. This is comparable to the popular and highly developed ESP system, except that in Honda's premium model it is closely integrated with the Super Handling All-Wheel Drive. VSA is designed to assist the driver in maintaining control during sudden manoeuvres.

A microprocessor calculates a predicted range of vehicle responses and co-ordinates the ideal distribution of braking power to each wheel as necessary, activates the throttle system and controls the ignition. With controlled acceleration, partial braking intervention and responsive acceleration of individual wheels, VSA can keep the car on its intended course.

 

Safety

The new Legend's highly rigid body structure guarantees a high level of passenger safety in a variety of crash situations together with a combination of dual stage front and side airbag systems and curtain airbags. The ACE (Advanced Compatibility Engineering) Body Structure helps disperse collision forces away from the passenger compartment onto the overall body structure. With the intelligent positioning of frame components, in a head on collision, for example, the collision energy is dispersed more over the entire frontal area and over the prominent side structure. The ACE Body Structure also contributes to the protection of other passengers, especially in smaller vehicles.

 

Setting a good example

The new Legend's specially designed front structure frame provides for improved partner protection in the event of a crash with a smaller vehicle: the front structure is designed to buckle relatively easily. In a vehicle-to-vehicle collision this body component, by buckling, absorbs a large part of the impact and adapts to the safety structure of the other vehicle. This is because the energy, which cannot be absorbed by the smaller car's more unyielding body and can therefore impact the passenger compartment, is also reduced through the specific frontal structure of the large Honda saloon.

 

Improved pedestrian safety

A pop-up hood further enhances pedestrian safety. On collision, three touch sensors in the front bumper detect the danger and activate a pyrotechnic actuator. In a fraction of a second, the rear edge of the hood lifts by  100mm. This provides ample clearance between the hood and the hard engine components beneath it. If the head or shoulder of a pedestrian hits the relatively soft hood, this will buckle. The pop-up hood can therefore significantly reduce the risk of serious injury.

Accident prevention with Advanced Driving Assist Systems

The Legend is fitted with Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) and Collision Mitigation Brake System (CMBS). ACC automatically ensures a constant distance is kept from the vehicle in front, on the motorway, for example. This makes driving longer distances more relaxing and less tiring.

CMBS: when the minimum distance is dangerously breeched, the driver is alerted by a series of sounds and visual warnings and also by a short retraction of the seatbelt. If a collision is still unavoidable, the system helps minimise the impact by activating the brakes (e.g. by blocking) before the driver activates the brakes. In addition, the system electronically retracts the seatbelts of the front passengers. If the CMBS detects that there is still no response from the driver, rendering a collision unavoidable, the system automatically activates the brakes for strong deceleration.

           

In addition, right hand drive models can be fitted with an optional Lane Keeping Assist System (LKAS). The system maintains the position of the car in its lane providing steering torque when necessary – this significantly reduces driver fatigue and reduces the risk of veering off the road.

 

Increased safety at night

The new Legend comes as standard with the Active Front Lighting System (AFS). The main headlights beam white, ultra bright xenon light. The term AFS stands for Honda's interpretation of an advanced combination of corner and indicator lighting, which illuminates the road effectively in the driving direction. The left headlight swivels left and the right unit swivels to the right, to fully illuminate corners and junctions at night. This helps the driver negotiate difficult situations when driving at night and provides better recognition of pedestrians or other obstructions.

 

Navigation and Communication

The new Legend features as standard satellite navigation system with voice-recognition. The complete digital map information is provided on a DVD. A high performance processor allows fast route calculation and new software zooms in on the map display in virtually real-time.

Good news for mobile phone users. Every Legend is equipped with an integral hands-free kit. The installation of Bluetooth technology guarantees that all current mobile phones – regardless of the manufacturer – can be used: After an initial 'pairing' between the mobile and the car, the driver's mobile is recognised as soon as the ignition is started and can stay in a jacket pocket or even in the boot when making or receiving phone calls. The driver dials and accepts calls by using the buttons on the steering wheel or by voice-recognition.

 

Experience music with high-end intensity

For an exceptional audio experience, the Honda Legend is fitted with an up-to-date Bose® audio system. With the ten speakers, engineered specifically for the Legend by the American Bose® team, the cabin becomes a concert hall. Surround sound is delivered to all five seating positions. The integral 6-disc CD player can play DVD audio, CD and MP3 media. Selected audio system functions can be controlled by voice recognition. Music tracks or CDs, for example, can be changed via voice command.

BODY

• Dynamic, sports saloon styling
• Extensive use of weight saving materials including aluminium body panels
• High tensile steel contributes to excellent body rigidity
• Active Noise Cancellation (ANC)
• Advanced Compatibility Engineering (ACE) Body Structure disperses collision forces over a larger frontal area
• Top level Euro NCAP rating anticipated for occupant safety and for pedestrian safety
• Pop-up hood key factor in boosting pedestrian safety
• Optional Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) and Collision Mitigation Brake System (CMBS)
• Optional Lane Keeping Assist System (LKAS) (right-hand drive only)

The Legend's taut, athletic shape conveys its performance credentials without sacrificing comfort and capability. Key elements include short overhangs and wide interior dimensions for enhanced comfort and convenience.

The dramatically sloping hood leads down to an aggressive nose with angular headlamp treatment, five-sided Honda grille and distinctive lower air intake openings. A sleek cockpit with flush glass, forward sloping beltline and short tail accentuate the Legend's pronounced wedge shape, and contribute to the excellent aerodynamic efficiency, low drag and high stability characteristics.

Compared to the previous Legend, the new model is 20 mm taller and 25 mm wider. Overall length has been reduced by 38 mm and the wheelbase by 110 mm, yet the cabin length available to passengers has actually increased by 30 mm, while internal width is 40mm greater.

 

Weight saving materials

A variety of measures have been implemented to reduce weight, at the same time increasing rigidity, in keeping with a premium luxury sport saloon. Strong performance in impact tests has naturally also been a high priority. Honda anticipates top level rating in occupant safety and pedestrian rating in Euro NCAP testing; a pop-up hood that is activated if a pedestrian is struck by the front bumper makes a significant contribution to the Legend's performance.

Measures to reduce body mass include:

• Aluminium hood, front wings and boot lid
• Aluminium front and rear subframes, suspension arms and bumper beams
• Magnesium seat frames
• Carbon fibre reinforced plastic propeller shaft

High-tensile steel

The Legend delivers a high level of bending and twisting rigidity and extensive extra-strength steel plays a key part in achieving this. Among the measures are:

Extremely strong high-tensile steel used for the side sills, under-floor spars, and in the impact-absorbing crumple zones at the front of the side frames

Strong high tensile steel used on the front shock mounts, areas of the front passenger-compartment bulkhead, areas of the front subframe mounts, and rear structure

 

Blow formed aluminium components

The aluminium front wings and boot are formed with an innovative process called blow forming to achieve complex and pleasing shapes with a high level of quality and light weight. This entails the raw aluminium panels being placed in a heated mould and warmed to 500 degrees Celsius. The introduction of a high-pressure gas results in perfectly formed complex shapes that are not possible with traditional stamping methods.

For rigidity, the boot lid is composed of an inner structural panel and an outer body panel, crimped together with a self-piercing rivet that makes the assembly highly durable.

 

Aluminium subframes

The components of the Legend's front and rear aluminium subframes are manufactured using high temperature bulge-forming and high vacuum die casting techniques. Both result in significantly lighter units than would be possible with either aluminium hydroform or steel hydroform processes.

To bulge-form these components, an aluminium tube is heated and pressurised with air inside a specially shaped die. The ability to shape the component under both heat and pressure means that less material can be used, lowering the overall weight of the finished component.

 

Aerodynamics

A highly efficient aerodynamic drag coefficient figure pays dividends in the form of lower wind noise, improved fuel economy, increased performance, and enhanced stability. Key elements include a front spoiler that reduces front lift force, a rear boot spoiler, and a particularly aerodynamic cabin area. The Legend is the first car in the world to have totally flush side glass where it meets the B-pillars. Normally, a gap of about 5 mm exists between side glass and the B-pillar, but on the Legend, the window guide is on the glass instead of the window frame, which has allowed the gap to be eliminated. This means there is one continuous, uninterrupted plane running along the front side window, across the B-pillar and all the way to the trailing edge of the rear side window. The benefit is a further reduction in wind noise and an even cleaner, high quality appearance.

Other features that contribute to aerodynamic efficiency are an engine undercover and further floor undercovers which smooth airflow beneath the car, while a rear diffuser helps with cooling the rear axle and reduces rear lift force.

To decrease wind noise levels, improve appearance, and improve occupant visibility, the Legend also incorporates windscreen wiper pivots and wiper arms that are hidden underneath the trailing edge of the hood.

 

NVH countermeasures

The elimination of undesirable noise, vibration and harshness (NVH) was of primary concern to development engineers. Virtually everything that could be the source of these traits was scientifically reviewed and modified during the planning and prototype phases.

The new Legend dramatically reduces high frequency and middle-frequency noise attenuation. Road noise attenuation is also significantly improved over both smooth and rough roads. In the drive to reduce weight, lightweight materials have been used wherever possible in the sound-absorbing package, including lightweight sound insulators instead of traditional heavier materials. In particular, a high performance acoustic material replaces separate absorptive and reflective layers and offers better in-cabin acoustics, absorbing rather than reflecting in-cabin generated noise.

Main NVH countermeasures:

Drivetrain:

• Electric controlled engine mounting system including a hydraulic lower transmission mount
• Variable volume exhaust silencer
• Hood and dashboard outer insulator
• Engine cover and undercover

           

Body:

• Acoustic roof lining and rear inner wing
• Acoustic front and rear inner wing insulator with high-frequency damping materials

Flooring:

• Lightweight floor insulator
• Floor undercover

Subframes:

• Floating front and rear subframes with four mounting points

Interior:

• Active Noise Cancellation
• Lightweight instrument panel damping materials
• Thinsulate insulation in selected areas

Boot:

• Acoustic design with side, front and lid linings

Active Noise Cancellation

In a further innovation, the new Legend features Active Noise Cancellation (ANC) which is designed to dramatically reduce low frequency exhaust booming noise in the interior.

The system uses two microphones, one located just behind the front overhead console, the other just ahead of the overhead rear light module, to monitor low-end drivetrain frequencies entering the cabin. This information passes to the Active Noise Cancellation unit which in turn creates a precisely timed reverse phase audio signal that is sent to an amplifier, which then powers the audio system's door speakers and subwoofer.

In the frequency range below 100 Hz, ANC is capable of an impressive 10 dB reduction in noise level. A particular benefit of the system is that it replaces sound insulating material which would add further weight to the car.

Further noise suppression is achieved by a special valve system located in the exhaust system. Balancing the engine's need for proper exhaust backpressure at low speed and free flow at high speed, the valve opens when engine speed reaches about 3500 rpm to allow the flow rate to increase from 130 to 150 litres per second.

This results in a compatibility of a quiet interior, sporty exhaust and high power.

 

High quality paint

The new Legend's paintwork features greater lustre and more depth of colour thanks to a new application process which makes greater use of water borne paint for fewer emissions.

Following the application of the electrodeposition primer – cured at high temperature to improve corrosive durability – just one primer surfacer coat is applied. Previously a second coat was applied to achieve the necessary smoothness, but now the single coat is hand-sanded to obtain a better finish.

After a water-borne base coat is applied, a pair of clear coats (just one previously) is applied to provide depth and a more pollution and scratch resistant finish.

 

Safety

The Legend is equipped with a comprehensive array of the latest technologies to enhance active safety (accident avoidance) and passive safety (crash safety performance). Features like Vehicle Stability Assist (VSA) with traction control, heightened handling agility, SH-AWD and ABS enhance accident avoidance capability. HID xenon low-beam headlights and the Active Front Lighting System (AFS) contribute to superior night-time visibility.

In addition, Legend customers can specify Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) which automatically maintains a consistent distance to a vehicle directly in front, for more relaxed, less tiring driving, and Collision Mitigation Braking System (CMBS). This monitors the following distance and closing rate between the Legend and the car directly in front of it, warns the driver when a collision is likely and helps reduce impact when a collision becomes unavoidable.

Customers of right-hand drive Legends also have the option of Lane Keeping Assist System (LKAS) which maintains the position of the car in a lane by providing steering torque when necessary – significantly reducing driver fatigue and helping to prevent accidents.

Should a collision prove unavoidable, the Advanced Compatibility Engineering (ACE) Body Structure of the Legend is designed to provide a protective cocoon for passengers. Inside, side, side curtain and dual-stage front airbag systems work together with sophisticated restraint systems to minimise injury to passengers in sufficient impacts.

And the Legend is fitted with one of the world's first pyrotechnic-activated pop-up hoods to help reduce pedestrian injury.

 

Advanced Compatibility Engineering (ACE) Body Structure

The Advanced Compatibility Engineering (ACE) Body Structure on the new Honda Legend is designed to deliver significantly enhanced occupant protection in a variety of real-world crash conditions. These may include a frontal collision between vehicles of differing heights, weights and frame construction.

The ACE Body Structure uses the engine compartment to efficiently absorb and disperse collision energy during a vehicle-to-vehicle collision. It features a new frame structure composed of a highly efficient energy-absorbing main frame, a bulkhead (upper frame) which absorbs the upper part of the collision energy, and a lower member that helps prevent misalignment of the frames of the vehicles involved. This design disperses collision forces over a larger frontal area, which enhances energy absorption of the engine compartment, reduces the chance of deformation of the passenger compartment and results in enhanced occupant protection. At the same time, the structure reduces the chance of vertical or lateral misalignment between the Legend and another vehicle's safety structures.

During a frontal collision, a conventional body structure generally concentrates the loads from the impact through two pathways running longitudinally through the lower portion of the frame. The ACE Body Structure's front-mounted polygonal main frame is designed to prevent cabin deformation by distributing forces through multiple major load bearing pathways – and away from the passenger compartment.

To meet side impact requirements, Honda's engineers have increased the side section of the frame and chosen different material specifications to provide the desired level of stiffness and strength for critical areas, without adding unnecessary weight.

 

Pop-up hood enhances pedestrian safety characteristics

Honda expects the Legend to record a top level  rating in Euro NCAP pedestrian tests. Among its features is one of the world's first pop-up hoods, designed to cushion the impact of a pedestrian struck by the front bumper. The principle behind the system is that the rear edge of the hood lifts by 100 mm upon activation which provides ample clearance between the hood and the engine components, significantly mitigating head injuries.

Accelerometers mounted in the front bumper detect an impact between the bumper and the lower legs of a pedestrian. In response an electronic control unit activates a pyrotechnic actuator which fires a plunger to lift the hood upwards. Wheel speed sensors ensure that activation doesn't occur in the event of a low speed impact, such as a light tap in a supermarket car park.

Activation performance is clearly a crucial element in a pop-up hood's effectiveness. In an accident, the smaller the pedestrian, the more quickly that person's head makes contact with the hood. The Honda Legends deploys in less than 30 milliseconds, which is less than the time it takes for an average height 6-year-old child's head to make contact.

The Legend also features energy-absorbing front wing mounts, while the windscreen wiper pivots are also deformable. Research shows that features such as these dramatically improve a pedestrian's chance of survival if struck by a moving vehicle.

 

Active Front Lighting System

The Legend is equipped with xenon high-intensity discharge low-beam headlamps to provide a superior lighting pattern that is both longer and wider than that of traditional bulbs, as well as Active Front Lighting System (AFS).

AFS illuminates the direction of travel rather than the direction the car is pointing in. It enables the left low-beam unit to swivel left, and the right low beam to swivel right, to improve illumination while cornering, or to illuminate a road junction. This provides the driver with advance warning of pedestrians, other traffic or obstructions. Each light can swivel by up to 20 degrees, with the amount determined by the vehicle speed and steering input.

The system uses the following components:

• Steering angle sensor
• Vehicle speed sensor
• Reverse switch (cancels AFS when car is backing up)
• Control switch (turns off AFS at driver's discretion)
• Instrument panel warning light (illuminates when AFS is turned off)
• Control unit swivels the headlight low beam projector unit via a gearbox and step motor

AFS swivels either the left or right headlight (not both together) when the following conditions are met:

• Steering angle is over 12 degrees
• Vehicle speed is 10 km/h or higher 
• Swivel cancels when speed drops to 5 km/h  

LED lighting

LED lights are used extensively on the Legend for their efficiency and speed of activation. These include mirror integrated indicators, which are now featured on all new Honda models.

Each taillight/brake light assembly has an array of 28 LEDs. The taillights use 14 LEDs, arranged as the perimeter of a circle, and the brake lights use an additional 14 LEDs. When the brakes are applied, all 28 light up, illuminating the entire area.

The centre high-mounted stop lamp also uses LEDs as does the rear foglamp which is located within the trim above the licence plate area.

 

Advanced Driving Assist Systems

Customers can choose a Technology Package which includes Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) which maintains a safe distance from a vehicle in front, and the Collision Mitigation Brake System (CMBS) which predicts potential collision situations and reacts accordingly. In addition, right-hand-drive models also incorporate the Lane Keeping Assist System (LKAS) as part of the package.

 

Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC)

In addition to maintaining a set speed, as with a conventional cruise control, ACC is able to automatically regulate the distance to a vehicle travelling ahead in the same lane, thereby reducing the burden of motorway (or similar road) driving and enhancing driver comfort and safety.

It uses a millimetre-wave radar mounted inside the front grille to recognise the presence and the speed of the vehicle ahead; the frequency difference between the transmitted-wave and the reflected-wave makes it possible to calculate the exact distance and the relative speed between the vehicles. When this distance falls below a predetermined value, the system instantly decelerates the vehicle through throttle control and, if necessary, by application of the brakes (via communication with VSA).

In instances where quicker deceleration is required, such as sudden braking by the vehicle in front, the system will alert the driver with a warning light and a buzzer to prompt the driver to apply the brakes. If the vehicle ahead changes lane or the distance increases again, then the system increases the vehicle speed to the predetermined value.

ACC operates between 30-180 km/h (or 20-110 mph) and the driver can increase the Legend's speed via the ACC button on the steering wheel in 5 km/h (or 2 mph) increments.

 

Collision Mitigation Brake System (CMBS)

The Collision Mitigation Brake System (CMBS) is a revolutionary safety technology which takes the ACC technology to the next, logical stage by predicting collision situations and reacting accordingly.

When the closing rate between the Legend and the vehicle in front increases to a point where a collision is likely to occur, the system uses visual, and audible warnings to prompt the driver to take preventative action. If, based on the driver's response, the system determines that the likelihood of a collision has decreased to an acceptable level, the CMBS system will disengage. If, however, the driver's response does not sufficiently reduce the risk of a collision, the system will issue a secondary warning, consisting of audible, visual and tactile elements as well as light braking, to alert the driver to take action. If the closing rate increases so much that a collision becomes unavoidable, CMBS can initiate hard braking to reduce the vehicle's speed, and E-pretensioner can tension the driver's and front passenger's seatbelts to help maximize the restraining ability of the seatbelts.

Stage one: When there is a risk of a collision with the vehicle ahead or if the distance between the vehicles has dropped below the pre-set level, a buzzer sounds and the word 'BRAKE' appears on the Multi-information display.

Stage two: If the distance between the two vehicles continues to diminish, CMBS applies light braking, and the driver's E-pretensioner activates an electric motor which retracts the seatbelt gently two or three times, providing the driver with a tactile warning. The buzzer sounds again and the word 'BRAKE' appears again on the Multi-information display.

Stage three: If, after issuing the primary and secondary warnings, the system determines that a collision is unavoidable, the E-pretensioner retracts the driver's and front passenger's seatbelts with enough force to compensate for seatbelt slack or baggy clothing and activates the brakes forcefully to reduce the speed of impact and mitigate the effects of the collision on the Legend and its occupants.

The CMBS system functions only when the Legend is travelling at over 15 km/h and when the speed differential between the Legend and the car directly in front is 15 km/h or more. It can be turned off by depressing a switch located on the side of the instrument panel.

 

Lane Keeping Assist System (LKAS)

Already seen on the latest Honda Accord, LKAS maintains the position of the car in its lane by providing steering torque when necessary – significantly reducing driver fatigue and helping to prevent accidents.

The system identifies the boundaries of the vehicle's lane by processing images from a C-MOS camera mounted behind the windscreen. It then calculates the optimum steering torque – a combination of human input (minimum 20 per cent) and the assisted steering torque (maximum 80 per cent) – to keep the vehicle in the centre of the lane. A continuous beep sound will be emitted when the vehicle is about to cross the lane marking.

LKAS operates when the following conditions are fulfilled:

• On roads with left and right lane boundary markings (where markings are clear and visible)
• On motorways or roads that are equivalent to motorways (excluding sharp curves/bends)
• At vehicle speeds between 45 and 112 mph
• Driver has to keep contact with the steering wheel – if the system fails to recognise the driver's input on
• the steering, it switches itself off
• Side indicators are not activated
• Steering torque generated by the driver does not indicate imminent lane change manoeuvre
• Only operates on bends that have a less than 230 metre radius (at 80 km/h);

 

INTERIOR

• Luxurious cockpit designed for performance driving
• Perforated leather-trimmed seats
• Front seats with 8-way power adjustment including power adjustable lumbar support
• Dual-zone, dual-mode automatic climate control system
• Multi-information display allows access to multiple electronic functions and customisable feature settings
• Satellite navigation system with voice recognition and RDS-TMS traffic information
• Rear-view parking camera
• Bluetooth hands-free enabled
• BOSE®  10-speaker Surround Sound System with 6-disc CD changer
• Interface Dial provides quick, intuitive access to navigation, audio, climate control and other features
• Power sunroof with tilt, auto-open/close, auto-reverse and key-off operation

           

The Legend's interior integrates elegant luxury and clean, efficient design, to create an environment in tune with the car's clearly defined sporting character. At the same time, the wide array of advanced technology has been designed to be easy to use and intuitive to operate. Careful integration ensures that it adds to the driver's comfort, control and understanding of the driving situation, and never detracts from it.

Material quality, fit and finish have received exacting attention. Stylish and highly supportive perforated leather-trimmed seats are designed to provide a sporty, yet refined driving experience.

The soft-touch switchgear is engineered for a positive, satisfying feel. Maple wood trim sweeps across the instrument panel, while the centre console housing the climate, audio and navigation controls has a satin metal finish for a clean, technical look. Mounted high in the centre of the instrument panel within easy line of sight is the large, bright navigation system display. The main instrumentation is easy-to-read analogue, supplemented with digital and graphic displays.

All important controls are within easy reach of the driver. Those most frequently used including audio, cruise control, voice activation, satellite navigation, the multi-information display and where fitted, ACC, CMBS and LKAS, have controls located on the leather wrapped steering wheel.

Audio system controls are on the upper left spoke, while cruise control buttons are on the right upper spoke. The lower left spoke is reserved for navigation system controls, including a push-to-talk button which activates voice control of the navigation system, as well as many climate control and audio system features.

Also on the left, between the spokes, are controls for Bluetooth activation, while on the right between the spokes are controls for the Multi-information display. Tucked out of view, but within fingertip reach, is the pair of paddles that upshift and downshift the transmission when it is in manual mode.

On models equipped with Adaptive Cruise Control, Collision Mitigation Braking System and Lane Keeping Assist System, the controls are located on the upper and lower right-hand spokes.

 

Multi-information display

The highly functional instrument panel also provides important vehicle information via an LCD Multi-information display positioned in the lower speedometer face. Controls positioned at the 4 o'clock position of the steering wheel hub allow the driver to cycle the display through multiple screens of information including vehicle mileage, trip mileage, instantaneous and average fuel economy, range, average speed, elapsed time, outside temperature, seatbelt status (including rear seats) torque distribution (relating to SH-AWD operation) and where fitted, ACC and CMBS status. Should a fault occur with the vehicle, warning information also appears.

 

Interface dial

Most of the commonly used electronic functions then, have dedicated controls positioned on the instrument panel or on the steering wheel. Voice control of navigation, climate control, audio and communications functions is also possible.

Another quick and intuitive avenue of control is provided by the Interface Dial which is positioned below the climate and audio controls on the centre console. This is rotated and rocked like a joystick to select from a series of function menus displayed on the navigation screen. A push of the controller selects the highlighted item. Functions controlled by the Interface Dial include:

• Audio
• Satellite navigation (including compass display)
• Climate control

Other items include a calendar, a calculator and fuel consumption and trip computer displays.

 

Rear-view camera

Reversing is made particularly simple in the Legend. Side mirrors can be set to automatically tilt-down when reverse is engaged, but in addition a rear-view camera has been provided. Located in the trim above the rear licence plate, it provides a view of the area directly behind the Legend 138 degrees wide and 91degrees vertically. The image is displayed on the satellite navigation screen.

 

Satellite navigation

The DVD-based satellite navigation system with 8 inch screen features RDS-TMS. This displays up-to-the-minute traffic information where available on screen and plots alternative routes around traffic congestion. Further convenience – and safer operation while driving – is provided by voice recognition control (English, German and Italian – French and Spanish will be added in the near future). Activation is via the push-to-talk button on the steering wheel; a command such as 'home' will prompt the system to plot the best route to the driver's house. Similarly, for the nearest restaurant or petrol station, the driver simply states his or her requirement and the system finds the closest location and provides navigation to it.

Additionally voice commands may be used to control audio and climate control functions (accessed through the same steering wheel mounted button).

The Legend is also provided with a Bluetooth wireless mobile phone interface, allowing further hands-free operation, with steering wheel mounted buttons to control its operation. A series of speakers and microphones installed in the car can connect to any Bluetooth-enabled communications device, allowing calls to be made safely while driving.

 

Highly supportive leather seats – with full power adjustment

The sports luxury philosophy of the new Legend demanded passenger seating that could blend long-trip comfort with secure lateral support, given the cornering potential afforded by the advanced SH-AWD system. As a result, the front seats are taller and wider than in the past, which also allows them to accommodate a wide range of occupant sizes. The seat cushions use a special urethane padding with high damping coupled with a new wider 'S' spring design for better support. These features work together to reduce the amount of road and engine vibration transmitted to the passenger.

Both front seats have the luxury of 8-way power adjustment, including a lumbar support mechanism, whose smooth, articulated shape matches the human spinal curvature to provide solid support for the torso and pelvis.

Active Ventilation front seats, which pass a gentle stream of cooling air from built-in fans around the occupant for greater comfort, are available as an option.

In the rear seat area, the outer seating positions are carefully engineered complete with side bolsters to combine luxurious comfort on long trips with solid lateral support.

Front headrests are adjustable for height and tilt. The three headrests in the rear have a remote retractable feature that allows the driver to lower them with a touch of a button in the overhead console for better rearward visibility when there are no rear seat passengers. When carrying rear passengers, the headrests can be brought into operation manually.

For greater passenger comfort on sunny days, the Legend has a power operated rear-window sunshade (the control is in the overhead console), plus manually operated sunshades for each rear side window.

The 'organ' style accelerator pedal is bottom hinged to provide a linear feel and natural motion. A large foot rest is also provided on the left of the footwell. 

 

Interior convenience

The Legend's interior offers plenty of storage and convenience features. The front centre armrest has a unique dual lid, which allows the padded armrest to be used on one side, while the lid on the other side is open. The combined upper section of the armrest can also be lifted to allow access to a large lower storage compartment. The front double cup holder has an adjustable bottom tray that allows it to accommodate a wide range of container sizes.

The large glove compartment features a separate document box which frees up storage space in the main compartment.

In the rear seating area, the rear folding armrest has a padded top. A pull-out dual cup holder is built into the rear armrest.

 

Cargo carrying versatility

The Legend has a generously sized 452 litre boot that is fully finished, with all wiring concealed and the rear parcel shelf speakers and navigation unit fully protected. The acoustic properties of the boot and the three rear deck speakers were engineered together to create the best possible sound performance out of the Honda/BOSE® audio system. To allow room for longer items, a lockable boot pass-through is provided. A network of anchor points help to keep items securely in position. The spare tyre is located under a folding cover in the boot floor.

For a cleaner appearance and to avoid damage to luggage, the aluminium boot lid is supported by fully concealed hinge mechanisms. It can be opened via a remote release mounted on the driver's door panel, by pulling the exterior release on the lid, or with a manual release accessible through the locking boot pass-through. There is also an emergency opener located inside, near the latch.

 

Solar-sensing, dual-zone, dual-mode automatic climate control system

The Legend is equipped with a dual-zone automatic climate control system that lets the driver and front passenger set temperature modes to their individual liking. Large, simple to use system controls are positioned within easy reach, just below the centre instrument panel vents. The system can also be controlled by voice, and some seldom-needed custom settings can also be accessed through the Interface Dial. The system's control logic is designed to provide smooth operation with subtle changes in airflow. A pair of large, adjustable vents in the rear of the centre console keeps the rear seat environment comfortable.

Information from a solar sensor located on top of the instrument panel is used to adjust the temperature and airflow from side to side as needed to compensate for asymmetrical solar heating.

Using the navigation screen and the Interface Dial, the temperature of the air flowing through the upper vents can be fine-tuned relative to that of the air flowing from the footwell vents.

 

Interior lighting

Care has been taken to provide comprehensive cabin lighting that both provides clarity and adds to the relaxed ambience. The analogue instruments are LED backlit, with high-contrast markings and a subdued blue accent hue.

Progressive self-illumination gives the car a 'welcoming' feel: when the door is first opened, the instrument lighting comes to life, and then brightens progressively to 100 percent when the ignition is switched on. The illuminated instrument needles and enunciator lights then come alive, indicating that the car is ready to go. At the end of a journey, the instrument lighting dims progressively.

All the interior switches are illuminated to make them easy to locate at night, including those on all four doors and the steering wheel. In addition to front and rear overhead interior lights and map lights, the Legend also has a complement of low-level interior ambient cabin lighting. Blue front and rear low-level ambient lighting in the ceiling illuminates the front centre console and the rear flip-down armrest. The front foot wells also have low-level ambient lighting that brightens substantially when the doors are opened.

Front and rear interior door handle areas are also illuminated to make them easy to find, and the front door storage compartments, glove compartment and the front armrest compartment are all internally illuminated. All four doors have courtesy lights that are illuminated when the doors are open. The Legend's interior lights feature 'theatre dimming', which can be set by the driver to any of several rates via the Multi-information display. The boot has interior lighting, while the boot lid has lighting that illuminates the bumper and sill area when the lid is opened.

 

Premium Honda/BOSE® 10-speaker Surround Sound System

The Legend is provided with a sophisticated BOSE® audio system which provides the driver and passengers with a new level of audio enjoyment.

Engineered specifically for the Legend, the 10-speaker system delivers surround sound to all seating positions. The 6-disc in-dash changer can play DVD-Audio, CD, and MP3 media.

To improve sound quality when playing CDs, the system includes Centerpoint logic, which creates simulated surround sound from the two channels of CD data. Another feature, Audiopilot, monitors noise levels in the cabin using the same microphone used for the Active Noise Cancellation system (ANC). It then automatically adjusts the audio system output to compensate.

Centerpoint, Audiopilot, balance, fader and other functions can be accessed via the Interface Dial. Controls for key audio system functions are positioned within fingertip reach on the steering wheel. Select audio system functions can also be accomplished via voice command.

The speaker system comprises a pair of front and a pair of rear door 17 cm speakers, a speaker on the centre of the instrument panel, a pair of front and a pair of rear tweeters, and a sub woofer mounted below the rear parcel shelf.

 

 

DRIVETRAIN

• 3.5 litre SOHC VTEC V6 produces 295 PS (217 kW) at 6,200 rpm and maximum torque of 351 Nm
• 60-degree V-angle for inherently smooth operation
• 11.0:1 compression ratio
• Drive-by-wire throttle
• Dual-stage intake manifold
• 5-speed automatic with sequential shift, steering wheel-mounted paddle shifters and Grade Logic Control and Shift Hold Control

One of the most powerful V6 engines in its class, the Legend's 3.5 litre, all-aluminium 24-valve SOHC VTEC unit develops 295 PS (217 kW) at 6200 rpm and 351 Nm of torque at 5000 rpm to deliver effortless performance. 0-62 mph is despatched in 7.3 seconds, while maximum speed is electronically limited at 250 km/h, yet it still manages 11.9 (LKAS: 11.5) l/100km on the Combined cycle.

The compact, transversely mounted engine has a series of advanced features for high efficiency and strong emissions performance including a high compression ratio, VTEC (Variable Timing and lift Electronic Control), a dual-stage intake manifold and exhaust manifolds cast directly into the alloy cylinder heads to ensure rapid catalytic converter light off.

It is mated to a standard 5-speed automatic transmission which can operate in fully automatic mode or, alternatively, the driver can select gears manually using either the shift lever in the centre console or paddles located on the steering wheel.

 

Variable Timing and lift Electronic Control (VTEC)

The engine features Honda's familiar VTEC system which controls the 12 intake valves to optimise both volumetric efficiency and combustion of the fuel-air mixture.

Each pair of inlet valves is served by a 3-rocker arm system which means at low engine speeds, each valve is controlled by its own low-speed cam lobe, allowing for staggered opening and lift – the low lift and comparatively short opening time deliver better mixing in the cylinders for improved combustion speed and stability. At 4,950 rpm – and imperceptible to the driver – the engine management control system triggers the opening of an electric spool valve that routes pressurised oil to small pistons in the rocker arms. These pistons lock together the three intake rockers which then follow a single high-lift, long duration cam lobe to deliver the best volumetric efficiency.

 

High compression

Contributing to the strong performance is a high compression ratio of 11.0:1, and helping to make this possible is an oil jet system that sprays cooling oil on the underside of the piston crowns to keep temperatures in check and ensure improved durability against knock – backed up, of course, by a knock sensor that feeds back to the engine management system which will retard the ignition if necessary.

 

Dual-stage intake manifold

A variable length intake manifold that works in concert with the VTEC system ensures that optimum intake ram effect is maintained to deliver strong torque across the engine's full operating range. At lower rpm, the closure of internal butterfly valves means the cylinders draw air from only the nearer half of the manifold's internal chamber. The volume and length of the passages are tuned to maximise the resonance effect – the pressure waves are amplified which significantly increases cylinder filling and the torque produced by the engine throughout the lower part of its rpm band.

As the benefits of the resonance effect lessen with rising engine speed, the butterfly valves open at 4,000 rpm to interconnect the two halves of the plenum, increasing its volume. The inertia of the mass of air rushing down each intake passage helps to draw in more charge than each cylinder would normally ingest, and greatly enhances cylinder filling and the torque produced by the engine at higher rpm.

 

Drive-by-wire

A drive-by-wire throttle (DBW) system eliminates the conventional throttle cable. By monitoring pedal position, throttle valve position, road speed, engine speed, and gear position, it constantly adjusts the relationship between the throttle opening and pedal input at any given moment for more precise control, better response and linear acceleration characteristics. To ensure the Legend pulls away smoothly and progressively from standstill, the system has relatively little 'gain' between the pedal and throttle valve. At higher speeds, the gain increases to provide responsive acceleration for overtaking and hill climbing.

Management of the automatic transmission and Vehicle Stability Assist (VSA) with traction control are fully integrated with the DBW system.

 

Emissions control

Despite the increases in power, the Legend's new engine is considerably cleaner. A major contributor to overall efficiency is the 32-bit RISC microprocessor in the powertrain control module which boosts computing power to improve the precision of spark and fuel delivery.

Extremely rapid catalytic converter light off at engine start up ensures excellent emissions performance. This is made possible by mounting the two high efficiency 600-cell per-square-inch, primary converters directly to the exhaust port of each cylinder head and since the exhaust manifolds are cast directly into the alloy cylinder heads, they are as close as they can possibly be to the combustion chambers. Rapid heating is the result.

A hydroformed 2-into-1 collector pipe then carries the exhaust gases to a single 350 cell-per-inch secondary converter under the cabin floor.

 

Advanced construction

The engine block features a lightweight die-cast aluminium alloy construction. Thin wall, centrifugally-cast iron cylinder liners help reduce the block's overall length and weight and with their rough outer surfaces, bond securely to the surrounding aluminium during the manufacturing process and enhance heat transfer. The deep skirt design of the block provides rigid crankshaft support and minimises noise and vibration.

High-strength 'cracked' connecting rods provide a significant reduction in the inertial mass of moving parts for increased efficiency ('cracked' refers to the manufacturing process whereby the connecting rods are forged in one piece and then their crankshaft ends are broken, creating a lighter and stronger rod with a perfectly fitted bearing cap).

The piston skirts are shot with a solid lubricant, molybdenum disulphide. As a result, friction is reduced.

           

The exhaust manifolds are cast directly into the alloy cylinder heads to reduce weight. Made of pressure-cast, low porosity aluminium, these lightweight components improve overall packaging, enhance exhaust flow and allow the optimal positioning of the primary close-coupled catalytic converter on each cylinder bank.

Positive sealing is provided by a three-layer type head gasket. A reduced width, single Aramid-fibre belt drives the overhead camshafts (one per bank). Intake valves are 36 mm and the exhaust valves 30 mm diameter.  

 

Compact, stiff design

Despite its greater output and improved efficiency, the engine's sophisticated design means it is actually 36 mm narrower and 61 mm shorter than its predecessor (691 versus 655 mm and 529 versus 468 mm, respectively).

The 60-degree V-angle, rigid aluminium-alloy block and forged crankshaft, together with a stiff, cast aluminium alloy oil pan, also mean the new Legend powerplant is exceptionally smooth.

 

Standard 5-speed automatic with manual mode

A standard 5-speed automatic transmission features a wide spread of ratios to maximise off-the-line acceleration and provide relaxed and fuel-efficient cruising. A satisfying and responsive driving experience is provided by the intelligent programming of the Grade Logic Control and Shift Hold Control functions.

 

Automatic Mode

When operated in automatic mode, the transmission lets the driver choose between D (1st to 5th gear) or D3 (1st to 3rd gear). Engine braking can be provided easily by moving from D to the D3 position, downshifting from 5th, 4th or 3rd gear, depending on the vehicle speed.

When in automatic mode, the transmission incorporates an advanced Grade Logic Control System and Shift Hold Control, both of which work to reduce gear 'hunting' and unnecessary changes.

Grade Logic Control alters the shift schedule when travelling uphill or downhill, reducing shift frequency, and improving speed control. Throttle position, vehicle speed and acceleration/deceleration are continuously measured, then compared with a map stored in the transmission computer. The Grade Logic Control System then determines when the car is on a hill; if this is the case, the shift schedule is adjusted to automatically hold the transmission in a lower gear for better climbing power or increased downhill engine braking.

Shift Hold Control keeps the transmission in its current (lower) ratio when the throttle is quickly released and the brakes are applied (such as when decelerating to enter a corner). Shift Hold Control leaves the chassis undisturbed by excess shifting during spirited driving, ensuring that abundant power is immediately available without a downshift, maintaining momentum and allowing rapid acceleration out of a corner.

 

Finger-tip manual operation

The transmission can be switched into manual mode by moving the gear shift lever laterally to a special gate to the left of the 'Drive' position. Gear changes can then be made either by pushing or pulling the shift lever, or by means of the paddle shifters mounted on the steering wheel. A digital display in the tachometer face indicates which gear the transmission is in. To heighten control and driver involvement, special shift logic in manual mode delivers quicker, firmer shifts than in fully automatic mode.

To help protect the engine and drivetrain from damage, an array of preventative features are active when the transmission is in manual mode. In second, third and fourth, the logic changes, and the transmission ECU cuts off fuel flow to the engine if there is a possibility of over revving.

In the rare situation where the fuel cut-off alone is unable to prevent engine over revving (as could happen on a steep downhill) the transmission will change up to prevent engine damage. And finally, when changing down, the transmission won't execute a driver-commanded downshift that would send the engine beyond the redline in the lower gear.

The system will also automatically select first gear as the Legend comes to a stop, to prevent pulling away in a high gear.

 

Cooperation between automatic transmission and drive-by-wire

Both shift speed and smoothness are improved by cooperation between the drive-by-wire throttle system and the electronically controlled automatic transmission. The engine can be throttled by the engine management system during upshifts and downshifts, for faster, seamless shifting and the elimination of shift shock.

 

Super Handling All-Wheel Drive

The new Honda Legend is the only car in Europe that features an all-wheel drive platform that distributes the optimum amount of torque not only between the front and rear wheels, but also between each rear wheel. Super Handling All-Wheel Drive – or SH-AWD for short – is another groundbreaking new system that demonstrates Honda's reputation for technological innovation. Working in conjunction with the Vehicle Stability Assist system (see Chassis section), SH-AWD goes further than a conventional all-wheel drive system by actively apportioning torque to each rear wheel to deliver neutral, accurate steering and exceptional stability when cornering. The result is class leading cornering precision as well as enhanced traction.

The operating modes of the system are as follows:

• During straight-line cruising and moderate cornering, up to 70 percent of the torque is delivered to the front wheels.
• Under full-throttle straight line acceleration, up to 40 percent of the power is sent to the rear axle.
• In hard cornering, up to 70 percent of available torque goes to the rear wheels for enhanced chassis balance. Up to 100 percent of this torque can be applied to the outside rear wheel and that wheel can be overdriven up to five percent by the system's acceleration device if the situation dictates.

How does SH-AWD help cornering stability?

Overdriving the outside rear wheel, so that it spins faster than the average speed of the two front wheels, has the effect of enhancing the car's turning ability. Engine power is used to 'yaw' the vehicle while cornering. It means the demands placed on the front wheels are reduced and any understeer (the tendency of a car to run wide at the front) are minimised as a result. The vehicle stays balanced and controllable. Furthermore, the cornering ability created by the steering angle of the front tyres combined with the extra drive torque supplied by the outside rear tyre means the load is more evenly distributed between front and rear, and the total cornering grip is increased.

Conventional systems are at a further disadvantage. To deal with high power output, front- or rear-drive systems generally use some type of limited-slip device to maintain traction under power. The linking effect of the inside and outside drive wheels in these systems resists turning, however. This is a factor that works against the front wheels as they attempt to turn the car. Conventional all-wheel drive systems have a similar linking effect between the inboard and outboard wheels and front and rear axles. By using drive torque to actually help turn the car, the Legend is more responsive, neutral and predictable, while simultaneously offering all of the usual benefits of all-wheel drive.

 

How does the SH-AWD system work?

SH-AWD is a fully automated full time all-wheel drive system that requires no driver input. Drive passes from the front transaxle to a torque transfer unit bolted directly to it, which in turn is connected to a lightweight carbon fibre reinforced composite propeller shaft which carries power to the rear drive unit. The rear drive unit contains three planetary gear and clutch sets. Torque passes through the first set (the Acceleration device) and then to a hypoid gear that turns the output through 90 degrees to drive the rear axle shafts.

A pair of Direct Electromagnetic Clutches are located either side of the hypoid gear and send power to each rear wheel. When controlled in unison, engagement and disengagement of these clutches can alter the front to rear torque split – depending on the situation, the rear wheels receive between 30 and 70 per cent of the total engine output. The two clutches can also be controlled independently so that up to 100 per cent of the rear axle torque can go to only one rear wheel. A solenoid controls the pressure applied to each clutch which slows the sun gear in a planetary gearset to modulate the torque that is sent to the corresponding wheel. In this way, the clutches can provide a limited slip differential function.

Typically, the Acceleration device positioned in front of the rear drive unit passes torque rearward at very close to a one-to-one ratio. However, during cornering, its output shaft can be made to spin faster than its input shaft. This is achieved by means of a compact planetary gearset which is controlled by hydraulic actuators operating clutch packs.

In straight-line mode, the input shaft is locked with the planetary gear carrier and there is no ratio change. During cornering mode, the carrier is coupled with the case, and the output shaft speed increases up to five per cent. In this way, the rear wheels can be overdriven to increase the steering effect.

Under deceleration while cornering, torque to the outside rear wheel is varied to change from an inward to an outward yaw moment, helping vehicle stability.

The driver is able to see just how the system is operating thanks to graphics contained within the Multi-information display which show the torque distribution to each wheel.

 

Electronic control

The SH-AWD control system is integrated with the engine's Electronic Control Unit (ECU) as well as the Vehicle Stability Assist ECU. The Engine ECU provides engine rpm, intake manifold pressure, and gear ratio data, while the VSA ECU provides data on lateral acceleration, yaw rate, wheel rotation speed and steering angle. The SH-AWD ECU monitors the status of the system's acceleration device and right and left Direct Electromagnetic Clutch torque. During acceleration, lateral acceleration and steering angle are used to set the torque split between the right and left rear wheels. At the same time, this data is used to control the acceleration device.

To ensure that the amount of torque transmitted remains optimised as distance and wear accumulate, a coil provides a feedback loop that the ECU uses to adjust electric current to the electromagnetic clutches, so compensating for potential clutch wear.

CHASSIS

• High dynamic capabilities
• Extensive use of aluminium components reduces unsprung weight
• Front double wishbone suspension
• Rear multi-link suspension
• Variable power assist rack and pinion steering (EPS on right-hand drive option)
• Vehicle Stability Assist for even greater security
• Ventilated disc brakes front and rear with ABS, EBD and Brake Assist

           

Quick handling responses, outstanding ride comfort and a fun-to-drive character aptly describe the Honda Legend chassis. A highly rigid body provides an excellent platform for the four-wheel independent suspension, double-wishbone at the front and multi-link at the rear.

Aluminium suspension components front and rear cut unsprung weight and allow for more supple and responsive suspension action and more consistent traction and handling on rough roads. The optimised suspension geometry works with the electronically controlled power steering (electric power steering on right-hand drive models) and the Super Handling All-Wheel Drive system to give exceptional handling balance in virtually every driving condition. Linear cornering feel, a flat ride, and a high level of controllability at all times result in an increased feeling of precision and security for the driver and passengers alike.

Ride quality and road noise isolation were also the focus of substantial engineering effort, so even with its elevated sporting performance, the Legend remains quiet and composed.

 

Front double-wishbone suspension

The front suspension is a double-wishbone type with a large subframe mount and compliance bushing. In addition, the dampers feature rebound springs that reduce chassis attitude changes to ensure a flat ride during acceleration and cornering.

The steering knuckle (or upright), upper arm, lower arm and subframe are all lightweight aluminium.

 

Rear multi-link suspension

The rear suspension is a multi-link type with a new enlarged subframe mount and a longer upper arm design. As a result, the roll centre is optimised for better turning response, cornering stability and control in extreme conditions.

The geometry is also characterised by linear toe and camber changes during suspension travel, while improved roll stiffness also enhances the Legend's cornering capabilities. Anti-lift characteristics reduce the pitching motion of the body during braking.

Harshness and road noise are also significantly reduced, and ride comfort is also measurably improved, thanks to these changes and a new compliance bushing. Lightweight aluminium is used for the control arms and subframe. The components are also stiffer to withstand the higher side loads that SH-AWD, larger tyres and a stiffer unit body create.

 

Variable power assist rack-and-pinion steering

Steering system goals were to combine a light, but linear steering feel at low speeds with a solid steering feel at high speeds. The speed-sensing steering assist unit in the Legend provides a very linear and direct steering feel regardless of vehicle speed. In particular, the on-centre feel is very precise and linear, with no discernible 'dead spot'.

           

Electric power steering system is available as an option for right-hand drive models.

 

Vehicle Stability Assist

The Legend is equipped as standard with Honda's Vehicle Stability Assist (VSA) system. Closely integrated with SH-AWD, VSA is designed to assist the driver in maintaining control during cornering, acceleration and sudden manoeuvres by applying brake force to the right or left hand wheels as necessary and managing the engine torque systems.

At its simplest level, VSA has a traction control function whereby it detects wheel slip under acceleration and coordinates the use of braking and engine torque to regain traction. In situations where the driven wheels are on surfaces with different levels of traction, such as a partially wet road surface, the system applies braking action to the wheel that's slipping, allowing the tyre with better grip to move the vehicle. In addition, the system reduces engine output to minimise wheelspin.

By monitoring input from a series of vehicle sensors, VSA calculates a predicted range of vehicle response while constantly monitoring the vehicle's actual response and the driver's control inputs. If the actual response is outside the predicted response range, as when cornering forces exceed the tyres' performance, VSA automatically intervenes with corrective action.

In the case of oversteer (which may lead to a spin), VSA applies braking to the outside wheel to counter the yawing tendency. On the other hand, if understeer is detected, VSA applies braking to the inside wheel and reduces engine power to turn the car back on to the intended course.

An indicator light flashes on the instrument panel while the system is actively enhancing the stability of the vehicle. A cockpit switch to the side of the instrument panel is provided to disable the VSA.

 

All-round ventilated disc brakes

Excellent stopping power is provided by all-round disc brakes. The 320 mm ventilated front discs feature extremely rigid aluminium 4-piston callipers. The rear discs are also ventilated, 310 mm in diameter and operated by single-piston aluminium callipers.

The system includes Electronic Brake force Distribution (EBD), an anti-lock braking system and Brake Assist. The latter helps drivers apply full braking pressure in an accident avoidance situation. To do so, a microprocessor continually analyses and 'learns' the driver's normal braking habits, monitoring both the rate of pressure applied and the total pressure that the driver normally applies to the brake system.

If the driver suddenly applies the brakes, Brake Assist brings the system to full ABS activation to help stop the vehicle in the shortest distance possible. It is only activated when the microprocessor detects that certain brake pedal speed and pressure thresholds are reached.

Importantly, Brake Assist assists the driver in obtaining full braking performance in an emergency. The Brake Assist system deactivates when the driver releases pressure on the brake pedal.

 

Wheels and tyres

The Legend is equipped with 17 x 8J cast aluminium alloy wheels shod with 235/50 R17 tyres. 18 inch items are dealer optional items.

APPENDIX I

Standard equipment on the new Legend includes:

• Super Handling All-Wheel Drive
• ABS with EBD and Brake Assist
• Vehicle Stability Assist
• 5-speed automatic transmission with Grade Logic and Shift Hold Control
• Manual shifting facility via either the gear shift or steering-wheel mounted paddles
• Rear-view camera
• Satellite navigation with RDS-TMS traffic information and 8 inch screen
• Cruise control
• Immobiliser
• Alarm with inclination sensor
• Dual control automatic air conditioning
• Sunroof with one-touch close
• Headlamp washers
• Rain sensing wipers with variable intermittent
• 17 inch alloy wheels
• Auto dimming rear view driver's mirror
• Auto dimming, heated door mirrors (both aspheric) with auto tilt down facility during reversing
• Power boot and fuel lid openers
• Water-dispersing side windows
• Power door locking and Remote keyless entry
• 8-way power adjustable front seats including lumbar adjust
• Wood trimmed instrument panel
• Heated front seats
• Leather upholstery
• Cut pile carpets
• Leather trimmed steering wheel and gear knob
• Accessory socket
• Outside temperature gauge
• Power windows
• Rear headrest remote fold down
• Rear seat electric sunshade
• Rear side sunshades
• Sun visors with illuminated vanity mirrors
• Green tinted glass
• Sunglasses holder
• Front and rear cup holders
• Console armrest and storage boxes
• Front door pockets
• Front seat back pockets
• Rear armrest pass through with key
• BOSE®  Surround Sound System with 6 CD autochanger, 10 speakers and MP3/WMA player
• Multi-information display
• Bluetooth wireless mobile phone interface
• Interface dial
• Steering wheel remote controls including audio, cruise control, satellite navigation, voice activation, Multi-information display and – where fitted – ACC, CMBS, and LKAS
• Boot cargo hooks
• Front dual stage airbags and side airbags
• Full-length curtain airbags
• Front and rear seatbelt reminders
• Front seatbelt pretensioners and load limiters,
• Rear seat ISOFIX fittings (2)
• Pyrotechnic pop-up hood
• Crash sensor with power door unlock
• Anti-whiplash front seat headrests
• Front and rear foglamps
• High Intensity Discharge (HID) xenon headlamps
• Active Front lighting System (AFS)

Optional items include:

• Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC)
• Collision Mitigation Brake System (CMBS) with E-pretensioners
• Lane Keeping Assist System (LKAS) (RHD only)
• Active ventilation seats
• Wooden trim for steering wheel and gear knob

HONDA LEGEND SPECIFICATION

ENGINE		3.5 SOHC VTEC
Cylinders		V6
Valvetrain		Variable valve Timing and Lift Electronic control (VTEC) with 4 valves per cylinder, belt-driven overhead camshaft
Bore x stroke (mm)		89 x 93
Capacity (cc)		3471
Compression ratio		11.0:1
Max. power kW/PS		217/ 295
@ rpm		6,200
Max. torque Nm		351
@ rpm		5,000
Fuel system		Honda PGM-FI electronic fuel injection
Fuel rating		Unleaded 95 Ron
Construction		Aluminium alloy block and head with cast iron cylinders
Layout		Transversely mounted, Super Handling All-Wheel Drive (SH-AWD)
TRANSMISSION		5-speed automatic with Sequential SportShift, paddle shifters and Grade Logic Control
Gear ratios	1st	2.520
	2nd	1.572
	3rd	1.071
	4th	0.729
	5th	0.604
	Reverse	1.888
	Final	4.375
SUSPENSION
Front		Independent double-wishbone with coil springs, gas shock absorbers with progressive valve technology and anti-roll bar (29.5 mm dia)
Rear		Independent multi-link with coil springs, gas shock absorbers with progressive valve technology and anti-roll bar (20 mm dia)
STEERING
Gear type		Variable power assisted rack and pinion
Turns lock to lock		3.04
Steering Ratio		16.1:1
Turning circle dia (m)	at body	12.2
	at wheel	11.6
BRAKES
Front		Ventilated disc (320mm)
Rear		Disc (310mm)
WHEELS AND TYRES
Wheels		17 x 8 J alloy
Tyres		235/50 R17 100W

 

DIMENSIONS, WEIGHTS, CAPACITIES
Overall length (mm)			4955
Overall width (mm)			1845
Overall height (mm)			1450
Wheelbase (mm)			2800
Front track (mm)			1575
Rear track (mm)			1585
Ground clearance (mm)			145
Luggage space (VDA) (ltr)			452
Kerb weight (kg)			1864-1882
Max. permitted weight (kg)			2310
Towing weight (kg)		Braked	1600
		Unbraked	750
Fuel tank (litres)			73
PERFORMANCE
Max. speed (km/h)			250
Accel. 0-100 km/h (sec)			7.3
FUEL CONSUMPTION (93/116/EC)				LKAS
l/100km	Urban		17.0	16.5
	Extra Urban		8.9	8.6
	Combined		11.9	11.5
CO2 emissions g/km			282	273

Information correct at time of going to press